Malware

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We found an EXE application that specifically runs on Mac to download an adware and info stealer, sidestepping built-in protection systems on the platform such as Gatekeeper.

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Update as of 6:00 P.M. PST, May 3, 2019: Our continued observation of the malware sample showed that it spoofs popular Mac apps, instead of being included in the app installers themselves as previously reported. We made the corrections in the technical analysis in this post. We would also like to thank Objective Development for clarifying this issue.

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Software manufacturers can create the setup of their products to use Windows Installer to help make software installation, maintenance, and uninstallation straightforward and easy. Windows Installer 4.5 is released with Windows Vista Service Pack 2 (SP2) and Windows Server 2008 SP2. And Windows Installer 4.5 is released as a redistributable for.

Update as of 5:00 P.M. PST, February 18, 2019: Further analysis on the sample indicated that it does not bypass the Gatekeeper mechanism as previously reported. We made the necessary changes in the technical analysis in this post. We would also like to thank Apple Product Security team for reaching out to us to clarify this issue.

EXE is the official executable file format used for Windows to signify that they only run on Windows platforms, and to serve as a security feature. By default, attempting to run an EXE file on a Mac or Linux OS will only show an error notification.

However, we found EXE files in the wild delivering malicious payload on macOS recently. While no specific attack pattern is seen, our telemetry showed the highest numbers for infections to be in the United Kingdom, Australia, Armenia, Luxembourg, South Africa, and the United States.

Behavior

The samples pose as installers of popular apps and are often available for download from various torrent websites. Examples of the applications they pose as are as follows:

Paragon_NTFS_for_Mac_OS_Sierra_Fully_Activated.zip
Wondershare_Filmora_924_Patched_Mac_OSX_X.zip
LennarDigital_Sylenth1_VSTi_AU_v3_203_MAC_OSX.zip
Sylenth1_v331_Purple_Skin__Sound_Radix_32Lives_v109.zip
TORRENTINSTANT.COM+-+Traktor_Pro_2_for_MAC_v321.zip
Little_Snitch_583_MAC_OS_X.zip

When the downloaded .ZIP file is extracted, it contains a .DMG file hosting the supposed installer of the spoofed app.

Figure 1. Sample of the malicious file

Figure 2. Installer contained in the .DMG sample we analyzed posing as a legitimate application

Inspecting the installer contents, we found the unusual presence of the .EXE file bundled inside the app, verified to be a Windows executable responsible for the malicious payload.

Figure 3. Suspicious .EXE bundled for Mac app installer

When the installer is executed, the main file also launched the executable as it is enabled by the mono framework included in the bundle. This framework allows the execution of Microsoft .NET applications across platforms such as OSX.

Once run, the malware collects the following system information:

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ModelName
ModelIdentifier
ProcessorSpeed
ProcessorDetails
NumberofProcessors
NumberofCores
Memory
BootROMVersion
SMCVersion
SerialNumber
UUID

Under the /Application directory, the malware also scans for all the basic and installed apps and sends all the information to the C&C server:

App Store.app
Automator.app
Calculator.app
Calendar.app
Chess.app
Contacts.app
DVD Player.app
Dashboard.app
FaceTime.app
Font Book.app
Image Capture.app
iTunes.app
Launchpad.app
Mail.app
Maps.app
Messages.app
Mission Control.app
Notes.app
Photo Booth.app
Photos.app
Preview.app
QuickTime Player.app
Reminders.app
Safari.app
Siri.app
Stickies.app
System Preferences.app
TextEdit.app
Time Machine.app
UtilitiesiBooks.app

It downloads the following files from the Internet and saves it to the directory ~/Library/X2441139MAC/Temp/:

hxxp://install.osxappdownload.com/download/mcwnet
hxxp://reiteration-a.akamaihd.net/INSREZBHAZUIKGLAASDZFAHUYDWNBYTRWMFSOGZQNJYCAP/FlashPlayer.dmg
hxxp://cdn.macapproduct.com/installer/macsearch.dmg

Figure 4. Downloaded files saved in the directory

These .DMG files are mounted and executed as soon as they are ready, as well as displaying a PUA during execution.

Figure 5. One of the adwares downloaded posing as a popular app

This malware runs specifically to target Mac users. Attempting to run the sample in Windows displays an error notification.

Figure 6. Error notification when installer is executed in Windows

Currently, running EXE on other platforms would have no impact on non-Windows systems such as MacOS. A mono framework installed in the system is required to compile or load these executables and libraries. In this case, however, the bundling of the said framework with the malicious files becomes a workaround to enable EXE files to run on Mac systems. As for the native library differences between Windows and MacOS, the mono framework supports DLL mapping to support Windows-only dependencies to their MacOS counterparts. Overall, this technique may be done to overcome a malicious user’s Objective-c coding limitations.

Conclusion

We suspect that this specific malware can be used for future inter-platform attacks, where a single executable can perform its payload on different operating systems. We believe that the cybercriminals are still studying the development and opportunities from this malware bundled in apps and available in torrent sites. We will continue investigating how cybercriminals can use this information and routine. Users should avoid or refrain from downloading files, programs, and software from unverified sources and websites, and install a multi-layered protection for their individual and enterprise systems.

Windows Installer App Update For Mac Os

Trend Micro Solutions

The following Trend Micro products detect and block this threat:

Install Mac Apps On Windows

Trend Micro Antivirus for Mac
Trend Micro Smart Protection Suites

Open Mac Apps On Windows

Indicators of Compromise

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Windows Installer App